When does a deed become effective?

A deed becomes effective upon its delivery to the grantee, which means the grantor must transfer the deed to the grantee in a way that indicates their intent to convey the property. This delivery can be physical or symbolic, but it signifies that the grantor is relinquishing control and ownership of the property.

The act of delivery is essential because it reflects the intention of the grantor to formally complete the transaction. As soon as the grantee receives the deed, assuming the other requirements are satisfied (such as acceptance of the deed by the grantee), the transfer of ownership is considered complete.

Recording the deed with the county is a subsequent step that provides public notice of the ownership transfer and protects the interests of the new owner, but it does not affect the point at which the deed itself is legally effective. Similarly, the signing of the deed by the grantee is not a requirement for the deed to be effective, nor is the mere act of the grantor signing the deed sufficient if delivery has not occurred.